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2016
Conference Paper
Titel
Planning of ecologically and economic optimized district refurbishments
Abstract
Facing the refurbishment backlog in Germany's building stock and supporting sustainable development, a district lifecycle tool for refurbishment planning was developed to facilitate the consideration of ecological and economic aspects in early refurbishment planning phase. As the tool is intended to be used by decision-makers and planners on district level, the application requires no further measurement effort. Nevertheless, relevant aspects of sustainable buildings, namely Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costing issues, can be integrated in refurbishment planning to identify measures that are both economic and ecologically beneficial. The refurbishment potential is calculated based on typological data from component level up to districtwide energy supply solutions as depicted in Fig. 1. The attainable energy savings of the buildings are calculated using a quasi-stationary calculation method based on floating monthly average temperatures considering user behavior as well. Both ecological and economic savings are calculated using the principles of Life Cycle Assessment, including production and End-of-Life of the energy-related components that are used for refurbishment. The level of refurbishment quality is delineated through several refurbishment scenarios facilitating an optimization based on energy, ecology or economy on building level. Thus, potentially beneficial combinations and the added value of districtwide measures can be identified. This includes the dimensioning of heat generation systems such as cogeneration plants based on optimization algorithms to maximize environmental or economic saving potentials. To show the results at a glance an eco-portfolio is presented including direct comparison of ecological and economic efficiency of the scenarios. To further validate the tool, a case study has been carried out based on the refurbishment of the district Rintheimer Feld of Karlsruhe that has been executed by Volkswohnung GmbH. For seven types of residential buildings refurbishment scenarios have been modelled and evaluated. Based on the results on building level, the district refurbishment is assessed regarding both building specific improvements and the implementation of a district heating network including an optimized cogeneration plant. The Eco-efficiency saving potentials for the district Rintheimer Feld are assessed for three refurbishment scenarios. Furthermore, the ecological and economic advantages of the integration of a cogeneration plant (chp) are analyzed. The present methodology successfully shows, that saving potentials of district refurbishments in terms of economic and ecological efficiency can be predicted solely based on data already available in initial project stages. This facilitates the integration of ecological considerations from the beginning, allowing to identify districts of promising saving potentials at the beginning. Further optimization potentials are identified in terms of an enhanced implementation of user behavior. Within the next steps, the tool will be expanded to cover non-residential buildings such as educational institutions and commercial buildings also.
Author(s)