Evaluation of different modeling approaches for the tire handling simulations - analysis and results

In the last years the need of more accurate vehicle handling simulation is increased. This is due to the wider possibilities that the new CAE methods offers to the vehicle dynamic engineers. In the past the semi-empirical tire models have been the most used, but today it seems to be not enough. In vehicle handling simulation more component become to be important like 3D road, thermal effect on rubber, asphalt conditions and electronic safety systems interaction with the tire dynamic. The cited semiempirical tire model seems to be not adequate to simulate such complex scenario also if they remain still attractive for a group of simulations scenario due to their simplicity and efficiency.