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  4. Modeling of CMOS image sensors for time-of-flight applications
 
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2015
Conference Paper
Title

Modeling of CMOS image sensors for time-of-flight applications

Abstract
This contribution describes the modeling of CMOS image sensors employed in time-of-flight (ToF) sensor systems for 3D ranging applications. Our model relies on the theoretical description of photo-generation, charge transfer including diffusion, fringing field, and self-induced drift (SID). This method makes it possible to calculate the time-dependent charge carrier generation, transfer, and distribution. The employed approach allows elimination not only of irradiance-dependent charge transfer, but also of undesired reflectance effects, and the influence of ambient light through an in-pixel background measurement. Since the sensor is operated with very short integration times it is crucial to accomplish a fast transfer of the generated charge from the photodetector to the sense node, and speedy conversion into an electrical signal at its output. In our case, we employed a lateral drift field photodetector (LDPD), which is basically a pinned photodiode with a built-in drift field formed by a doping gradient. A novel pixel structure is presented which is optimized for a fast charge transfer by the appliance of the shown model. Numerical calculations predict a two times faster charge collection.
Author(s)
Driewer, Adrian
Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme IMS  
Hosticka, Bedrich J.
Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme IMS  
Spickermann, Andreas
Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme IMS  
Vogt, Holger
Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme IMS  
Mainwork
Optical Sensors 2015  
Conference
Conference "Optical Sensors" 2015  
DOI
10.1117/12.2178390
Language
English
Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme IMS  
Keyword(s)
  • CMOS image sensor

  • Time-of-Flight (ToF)

  • charge transfer modeling

  • LDPD

  • analytic modeling

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